Результаты исследований Татарско-Азибейской III стоянки в 2020 году
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24852/2587-6112.2023.3.136.159Ключевые слова:
археология, Нижняя Кама, озерно-болотный массив Кулегаш, Азибейская дюна, неолит, энеолит, поздний бронзовый век, полуземлянка, луговская культура, атабаевский этап маклашеевской культурыАннотация
В статье публикуются результаты работ на Татарско-Азибейской III стоянке в 2020 г. Площадь разведочного раскопа, заложенного в месте концентрации подъемного материала в виде фрагментов керамики и бронзовых изделий, составила 48 м2. Основным слоем, содержавшим артефакты на Татарско-Азибейской III стоянке, является слой темно-серой комковатой гумусированной супеси (пашни). Этот слой, сформированный в Новое время, практически полностью разрушил культурный слой стоянки вне материковых сооружений. В нем содержатся находки от неолита до Нового времени во фрагментарном состоянии. В раскопе были зафиксированы частичные остатки двух полуземлянок позднего бронзового века. Судя по конструктивным деталям и характеру керамики, происходящей из придонной части заполнения полуземлянок, сооружение №1 относится к атабаевскому этапу маклашеевской культуры (XIV–XIII вв. до н.э.), а сооружение №2 к луговской культуре (XVII–XV вв. до н.э.). Фрагменты керамика эпохи неолита и энеолита и кремневые изделия этого времени (V–IV тыс. до н.э.) встречаются разрозненно по всей площади раскопа и свидетельствует о том, что слой каменного века был значительно переработан, начиная с позднего бронзового века по Новое время. Судя по археозоологическим определениям, видовой состав домашних животных на Татарско-Азибейской III стоянке был близок к составу стада на других поселениях позднего бронзового века Прикамья.
Библиографические ссылки
Kazakov, E. P. (ed). 1989. Arkheologicheskie pamiatniki Vostochnogo Zakam'ia (Archaeological Sites of the Eastern Trans-Kama Region). Kazan: Institute of Language, Literature and History, Kazan Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences (in Russian).
Ashikhmina, L. I. 2014. Genezis anan’inskoi kul’tury v Srednem Prikam’e (po materialam keramiki i zhilishch) (Genesis of the Ananyino Culture in the Middle Kama Area (According to the Ceramics and Dwellings)). Series: Arkheologiia evraziiskikh stepei (Archaeology of the Eurasian Steppes) 19. Kazan: Institute of Archaeology named after A. Kh. Khalikov, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences; “Otechestvo” Publ. (in Russian).
Baranov, V. I. 1947. Bolota i torfyaniki Tatarii (Swamps and peat bogs of Tataria). Kazan: “Tatujsizdat” Publ. (in Russian).
Vybornov, A. A. 1984. In Nagovitsin, L. A. (ed.). Problemy izucheniia kamennogo veka Volgo-Kam'ia (Issues of Studying the Stone Age of the Volga-Kama Region). Izhevsk: Research Institute at the Council of Ministers of Udmurt ASSR, 21–30 (in Russian).
Vybornov, A. A. 1984. In Arkhipov, G. A. (ed.). Novye pamiatniki arkheologii Volgo-Kam’ia (Recently Discovered Archaeological Sites in the Volga and Kama Rivers Area). Series: Arkheologiia i etnografiia Mariiskogo kraia (Archaeology and Ethnography of Mari Land) 8. Yoshkar-Ola: Mari Scientific and Research Language, Literature and History Institute, 50–62 (in Russian).
Vybornov, A. A. 2008. Neolit Volgo-Kam’ia (The Neolithic Age of the Volga-Kama Region). Samara: Samara State Pedagogical University (in Russian).
Vybornov, A. A., Obydennov, M. F., Obydennova, G. T. 1984. In Merpert, N. Ya. (ed.). Epokha medi iuga vostochnoi Evropy (Copper Age in Southern Part of Eastern Europe). Kuybyshev: Kuybyshev State Pedagogical Institute, 3–21 (in Russian).
Vybornov, A. A., Lychagina, E. L., Vasil'eva, I. N., Mel'nichuk, A. F., Kul'kova, M. A. 2019. In Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Seriia Istoriia (Bulletin of the Perm University: History Series) 44 (1), 34–47 (in Russian).
Gabiashev, R. S. 1972. Otchet o rabotakh, provedennykh letom 1972 g. v zone zatopleniya Nizhnekamskoy GES v predelakh vostochnykh rayonov TASSR (Report on the 1972 works carried out in the flooding zone of the Nizhnekamsk hydroelectric power within the eastern regions of TASSR) In Otchet o rabote Tatarskogo otryada Nizhnekamskoy arkheologicheskoy ekspeditsii v 1972 g. (Report on the work of the Tatar team of the Nizhnekamsk archaeological expedition in 1972) 1 (in Russian).
Gabiashev, R. S. 1978. In Bader, O. N. (ed.). Drevnosti Iksko-Bel’skogo mezhdurech’ia (Antiquities of the Ik and Belaya Interfluves Area). Kazan: Kazan Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences, 22–39 (in Russian).
Gabiashev, R. S. 1978. In Bader, O. N. (ed.). Drevnosti Iksko-Bel’skogo mezhdurech’ia (Antiquities of the Ik and Belaya Interfluves Area). Kazan: Kazan Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences, 40–66 (in Russian).
Gabiashev, R. S. 1981. In Khalikov, A. Kh. (ed.). Ob istoricheskikh pamiatnikakh po dolinam Kamy i Beloi (On the Historical Sites in Kama and Belaya River Valleys). Kazan: Kazan Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Language, Literature and History Institute, 11–24 (in Russian).
Gabiashev, R. S., Kosmenko, M. G., Starostin, P. N. Otchet o raskopkakh Russko-Azibeyskoy stoyanki (Report on the excavations of the Rus. Azibey site) In Otchet Tatarskogo otryada Nizhnekamskoy arkheologicheskoy ekspeditsii (Report of the Tatar team of the Nizhnekamsk archaeological expedition) 1. Archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Found 1, R. 1, no. 4121 (in Russian).
Galimova, M. Sh. 2012. In Povolzhskaia arkheologiia (Volga River Region Archaeology) (2), 6–28 (in Russian).
Gening, V. F. 1958. Otchet ob arkheologicheskikh razvedkakh v nizov'yakh levoberezh'ya r. Beloy, proizvedennykh II otryadom arkheologicheskoy ekspeditsii KFAN SSSR letom 1958 g. (Report on archaeological reconnaissances in the lower part of the Belaya River left bank, carried out by the II team of KBAS USSR archaeological expedition in the summer of 1958) In Otchet o polevykh rabotakh arkheologicheskoy ekspeditsii IYaLI KFAN SSSR za 1958 g (Report on the field works of the archaeological expedition of the Institute of Language, Literature and Art of KBAS USSR for 1958). Archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Found 1, R. 1, no. 1771 (in Russian).
Golubeva, E. N., Chizhevsky, A. A. 2020. In Arkheologiia evraziiskikh stepei (Archaeology of Eurasian Steppes) 3, 275–284 (in Russian).
Ivanov, V. A. 1982. In Ivanov, V. A. Pshenichniuk, A. Kh. (eds.). Priural’e v epokhu bronzy i rannego zheleza (Cis-Urals Region in the Bronze and Early Iron Ages). Ufa: Bashkiria Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences, 52–77 (in Russian).
Zbrueva, A. V. 1960. In Smirnov, A. P. (ed.). Materialy i issledovaniia po arkheologii SSSR (Materials and Research in the USSR Archaeology) 80. Moscow: Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 10–95 (in Russian).
Kalinin, N. F., Khalikov, A. Kh. 1954. In Smirnov, A. P. (ed.). Trudy Kuybyshevskoi arkheologicheskoi ekspeditsii (Proceedings of the Kuybyshev Archaeological Expedition) I. Series: Materialy i issledovaniia po arkheologii (Materials and Studies in the Archaeology) 42. Moscow: Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 157–246 (in Russian).
Kosintsev, P. A. 2001. In Kolev, Yu. I. (ed.). Bronzovyi vek Vostochnoi Evropy: kharakteristika kul'tur, khronologiia i periodizatsiia (Bronze Age of Eastern Europe: Characteristics of Cultures, Chronology and Periodization). Samara: Samara State Pedagogical University, 363–367 (in Russian).
Kosintsev, P. A. 2003. In Kolev, Yu. P., Kuznetsov, P. F., Mochalov, O. D. (eds.). Material'naya kul'tura naseleniya basseyna reki Samary v bronzovom veke (Material culture of the population of the Samara River basin in the Bronze Age). Samara: Samara State Pedagogical Unicersity, 126–146 (in Russian).
Lyganov, A. V. 2011. In Vestnik Tatarskogo gosudarstvennogo gumanitarno-pedagogicheskogo universiteta (Bulletin of the Tatar State Humanitarian Pedagogical University) 26 (4), 126–132 (in Russian).
Lyganov, A. V. 2016. Otchet o raskopkakh Dubovogrivskoy II stoyanki v Tukaevskom rayone Respubliki Tatarstan v 2014 g. (Report on the excavations of the Dubovaya Griva II site in the Tukay district of the Republic of Tatarstan in 2014) 1. Kazan. Scientific Fund of the Museum of Archaeology of the Republic of Tatarstan, Institute of Archaeology named after A. Kh. Khalikov, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences. Fund 4 (in Russian).
Lyganov, A. V. 2020. In Arkheologiia evraziiskikh stepei (Archaeology of Eurasian Steppes) 5, 182–197 (in Russian).
Lyganov, A. V. 2021. In Arkheologiia evraziiskikh stepei (Archaeology of Eurasian Steppes) 2, 29–46 (in Russian).
Lyganov, A. V. 2021a. In Sitdikov, A. G., Chizhesky, A.A. (ed.). Eneolit i bronzovyi vek (Eneolithic and Bronze Age). Series: Arkheologiia Volgo-Uralia (Archaeology of the Volga-Urals) Vol. 2. Kazan: Institute of Archaeology named after A. Kh. Khalikov, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, 522–547 (in Russian).
Lyganov, A. V., Morozov, V. V., Azarov, E. S. 2019. In Arkheologiia evraziiskikh stepei (Archaeology of Eurasian Steppes) 2, 38–98 (in Russian).
Lyganov, A. V., Morozov, V. V., Smirnov, A. L., Khramchenkova, R. Kh. 2022. In Povolzhskaia arkheologiia (Volga River Region Archaeology) 39 (1), 104–117. DOI 10.24852/pa2022.1.39.104.117 (in Russian).
Lyganov, A. V., Sattarov, R. R., Denisov, A. V., Ivanova, N. V. 2022. In Arkheologiia evraziiskikh stepei (Archaeology of Eurasian Steppes) 1, 46–59 (in Russian).
Lychagina, E. L. 2020. Neolit Verkhnego i Srednego Prikam'ya (Neolithic of the Upper and Middle Kama Region). Perm: Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University Publ. (in Russian).
Mitryakov, A. E. 2011. Keramicheskie kompleksy epokhi bronzy Udmurtskogo Prikam'ya: morfologicheskie i ornamental'nye traditsii (Pottery assemblages of the Bronze Age of the Udmurt Kama region: morphological and ornamental traditions). Thesis of Diss. of Candidate of Historical Sciences. Izhevsk (in Russian).
Morozov, V. V. 2022. In Arkheologiia evraziiskikh stepei (Archaeology of Eurasian Steppes) 3, 330–353. DOI 10.24411/2587-6112-2020-1-0027. (in Russian).
Morozov, V. V., Vybornov, A. A., Lyganov, A. V., Smirnov, A. L. 2020. In Derevianko, A. P., Makarov, N. A., Mochalov, O. D. (eds.). Trudy VI (XXII) Vserossiiskogo arkheologicheskogo s″ezda v Samare (Proceedings of the 6th (22nd) All-Russia Archaeological Congress in Samara) I. Samara: Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education, 189–192 (in Russian).
Obydennov, M. F. 1998. Mezhovskaya kul'tura (The Mezhovka Culture). Ufa: “BEK” Publ. (in Russian).
Vorob’ev, N. I. (ed.). 1957. Ocherki po geografii Tatarstana (Essays on the geography of Tatarstan). Kazan: “Tatknigoizdat” Publ. (in Russian).
Petrenko, A. G. 1984. Drevnee i srednevekovoe zhivotnovodstvo Srednego Povolzh’ia i Predural’ia (Ancient and Medieval Cattle-Breeding of the Middle Volga Area and Cis-Urals). Moscow: “Nauka” Publ. (in Russian).
Petrenko, A. G. 2007. Stanovlenie i razvitie osnov zhivotnovodcheskoi deiatel'nosti v istorii narodov Srednego Povolzh'ia i Predural'ia (po arkheozoologicheskim materialam) (Establishment and Development of Early Cattle Breeding in the History of Peoples from the Middle Volga and Ural Regions (on Archaeozoological Materials)). Series: Arkheologiia Evraziiskikh stepei (Archaeology of Eurasian Steppes) 3. Kazan: Institute for History named after Sh. Mardzhani, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences (in Russian).
Solov’ev, B. S. 2000. Bronzovyi vek Mariiskogo Povolzh’ia (Bronze Age of Mari Volga Area). Series: Trudy Mariyskoy arkheologicheskoy ekspeditsii (Proceedings of the Mari Archaeological Expedition) VI. Yoshkar-Ola: Mari Research Institute of Language, Literature, and History (in Russian).
Starostin, P. N. 1965. Otchet ob arkheologicheskoi razvedke v zone zatopleniia Nizhnekamskoi GES, provedennoi letom 1964 g. (Report on archaeological exploration in the flooded area of Nizhnekamsk HES carried out in the summer of 1964). Archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Found 1, R. 1, no. 2932 (in Russian).
Sitdikov, A. G., Khuzin F. Sh. (eds.). 2007. Svod pamiatnikov arkheologii Respubliki Tatarstan (Corpus of Archaeological Sites in the Republic of Tatarstan) 3. Kazan: Institute for History named after Shigabuddin Mardzhani, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan (in Russian).
Shokurov, A. P. 1959. Otchet o rabotakh tret'ego razvedochnogo otryada Bashkirskoy arkheologicheskoy ekspeditsii Instituta arkheologii AN SSSR v 1959 g. (Report on the work of the third exploration team of the Bashkir archaeological expedition of the Institute of Archaeology of the Academy of Sciences USSR in 1959). Archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Found 1, R. 1, no. 2054 (in Russian).
Tsalkin, V. I. 1970. Drevnie domashnie zhivotnye Vostochnoy Evropy (Ancient domestic animals of Eastern Europe). Series: Materialy i issledovaniia po arkheologii (Materials and Studies in the Archaeology) 161. Moscow: “Nauka” Publ. (in Russian).
Chizhesky, A.A., Lyganov, A. V., Kuzminykh, S. V. 2021. In Sitdikov, A. G., Chizhesky, A.A. (ed.). Eneolit i bronzovyi vek (Eneolithic and Bronze Age). Series: Arkheologiia Volgo-Uralia (Archaeology of the Volga-Urals) Vol. 2. Kazan: Institute of Archaeology named after A. Kh. Khalikov, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, 601–637 (in Russian).
Driesch A. von den. 1976. A Guide to the Measurement of Animal Bones from Archaeological Sites. Cambridge: Harvard University.
Kosintsev, P.A. 2016. In David W. Anthony, Dorcas R. Brown, Oleg D. Mochalov, Aleksandr A. Khokhlov, and Pavel F. Kuznetsov (eds.). A Bronze Age Landscape in the Russian Steppes: The Samara Valley Project. Series: Monumenta archaeologica. V. 37. UCLA. Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press, 385–420.
Radu, V. 2003. Exploitation de resources aquatiques dans les cultures neolithiques et chalcolithiques de la Roumanie Meridionale. These de Doctorat. Universite de Provence Aix-Marseille I, Aix en Provence (France).
Reitz, E. J., Wing, E. S. 2008. Zooarchaeology. New York: Cambridge University Press, Second edition.
Vybornov, А., Lychagina, E. 2017. In Documenta Praehistorica. IVXL, 152–161.
Zooarchaeology in Practice. Case Studies in Methodology and Interpretation in Archaeofaunal Analysis.
In Giovas C. M., LeFebvre M. J. (eds.). Springer International, Cham, Switzerland. 2018.
Загрузки
Опубликован
Как цитировать
Выпуск
Раздел
Лицензия
Copyright (c) 2023 А.В. Лыганов, В.В. Морозов, А.Л. Смирнов, И.В. Аськеев
Это произведение доступно по лицензии Creative Commons «Attribution-NonCommercial» («Атрибуция — Некоммерческое использование») 4.0 Всемирная.
