Культурный слой городищ железного века и раннего средневековья в истоках Волги и Западной Двины (Руна-Заборовка, Заборовка-Лихуша, Ворошилово, археологический комплекс Верхмарево)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24852/2587-6112.2023.3.198.223Ключевые слова:
археология, педоантракология, радиоуглеродное датирование, палеоурбаноземы, Dark Earth, дьяковская культураАннотация
Исследованы культурные слои пяти городищ, расположенных в верховьях рек Волги и Западной Двины (Тверская область) по описаниям шурфов и кернов. Культурные слои изученных городищ представлены темным песком мощностью 0,4–1 м, насыщенным древесными углями. Параметры культурных слоев городищ позволяют отнести их к Archaeological Dark Earth. При этом культурные слои городищ различаются по мощности, степени однородности, окраске, концентрации древесных углей. Анализ радиоуглеродного возраста 19 образцов углей позволяет предположить, что период максимальной хозяйственной активности на городищах Заборовка-Лихуша, Ворошилово и Верхмарево-1 пришелся на период раннего железного века (III в. до н.э. – первые века н.э.). По находкам керамики и некоторым атрибутивным вещам эти памятники можно отнести к дьяковской и поздней дьяковской культурам. Для городищ Руна-Заборовка и Верхмарево-2 основной этап формирования культурного слоя соответствует раннему средневековью.
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