Результаты археологических исследований фортификации петровского времени в Новосибирском Приобье по материала Умревинского острога
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24852/2587-6112.2023.6.21.36Ключевые слова:
археология, Новосибирское Приобье, Петровское время, фортификация, Умревинский острог, башни, тыновые стены, рвыАннотация
Статья посвящена характеристике деревянных оборонительных сооружений (тына и трех башен) Умревинского острога начала – первой трети XVIII века, по результатам археологических исследований. На основании этих данных удалось проследить последовательное развитие этого пограничного оборонительного пункта на протяжении тридцати лет. В петровское время Умревинский острог представлял собой регулярное подпрямоугольное укрепление, ограждённое тыновой стеной из круглых бревен с одной проездной башней на севере. Неглубокий ров острога имел подтрапецевидный профиль, соответствующий европейской фортификационной традиции. Такая первоначальная конструкция Умревинского острога имеет определенное сходство с полевым редутом или воротами засечных черт. Спустя несколько десятилетий, на углах тыновых стен южной стороны Умревинского острога возводится две угловые башни на свайно-столбчатом фундаменте. Одна из башен была в плане подквадратной, а другая имела подпрямоугольные очертания. Размещение этих башен на углах тыновых укреплений позволило приобрести Умревинскому острогу фортификацию бастионного типа.
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