Ранний неолит Южной Беларуси: современное состояние и перспективы изучения
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24852/2587-6112.2024.4.80.91Ключевые слова:
археология, неолитизация, ранний неолит, южная Беларусь, керамика, припятско-нёманская культура, тип Дубичай, восточнополеская культура, верхнеднепровская культура, тип Струмель-ГастятинАннотация
В статье рассматриваются основные гипотезы возникновения керамического производства на территории южной Беларуси. Появление керамики, главного признака начала неолита для лесной зоны Восточной Европы, связывается авторами с импульсами, которые происходят с Южного Буга и Днестра. Ранний неолит юга Беларуси представлен припятско-нёманской, восточнополесской, верхнеднепровской культурами и памятника типа Струмель-Гастятин. Первая керамика, в соответствии с существующими на данный момент датами с территории Беларуси и беларусско-украинского пограничья, появляется на юге страны в сер. – втор. пол. VI тыс. до н.э. На Западное Полесье идея изготовления керамики проникает с Волыни, на юго-запад Беларуси – по Днепру. Керамика типа Дубичай и Струмель-Гастятин формируется под влиянием представителей самчинской фазы буго-днестровской культуры. В дальнейшем технология изготовления керамики распространяется на территорию Нижней Припяти, где формируется восточнополесская культура. Верхнеднепровская культура начала формироваться в середине V тыс. до н.э. под влиянием импульса, который шел с востока на запад по Десне.
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