Металлургические шлаки и металлообработка поселений позднего бронзового века Оренбургского Предуралья
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24852/2587-6112.2025.3.181.195Ключевые слова:
археология, бронзовый век, древняя металлургия, Западное Оренбуржье, срубная культура, металлургические шлаки, литейные формыАннотация
Работа посвящена исследованию артефактов металлургии бронзового века 11 поселений Западного Оренбуржья: каменным ваннам, металлургическим шлакам, литейным формам и металлическим изделиям. Даже отдаленные от богатейших рудопроявлений медистых песчаников поселения демонстрируют интенсивную металлопроизводственную деятельность. По данным рентгенофлуоресцентного анализа и оптической микроскопии среди 163 фрагментов металлургического шлака выделены две минералого-геохимические ассоциации: Ca-Ba-Sr-Zr характерна для стекловатых и пироксеновых шлаков срубной культуры (XVIII–XV вв. до н.э.); Fe-Cr-Ni-As свойственна оливиновым шлакам, предположительно датирующихся концом III – началом II тыс. до н.э. Типологическое разнообразие металлических изделий также свидетельствует о широком хронологическом интервале металлокомплекса Западного Оренбуржья.
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