Стержни с подвижными кольцами на половецких изваяниях: новая интерпретация
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24852/2587-6112.2025.5.51.61Ключевые слова:
археология, половецкие изваяния, заостренные стержни с подвижными кольцами, плети, многофункциональные предметы, средневековые кочевникиАннотация
Статья посвящена новой интерпретации заостренных стержней с подвижными кольцами, которые иногда изображены на поясе половецких изваяний. В 1974 г. С.А. Плетнева отождествила заостренные стержни с плетьми и отнесла их к разделу оружия. Автор показывает, что реальные плети выглядят совершенно иначе, чем указанные предметы. Основываясь на многочисленных аналогиях, сделаны выводы, что на половецких скульптурах изображены бытовые многофункциональные вещи, которые могли использоваться кочевниками, скорее всего, в качестве кочедыков, «однозубых вилок», проколок мягких материалов, возможно, кудельных булавок и прочее. Подобные предметы в эпоху средневековья были широко распространены не только в кочевой степи, но и на территории Руси, Волжской Булгарии, а также в Швеции, восточной Прибалтике и Польше.
Библиографические ссылки
Bezverkhii, A. P. 1991. In Kovaleva, I. F. (ed.). Problemy arkheologii Podneprov'ia (Archaeological Issues of the Dnieper Region). Dnepropetrovsk: Dnepropetrovsk State university, 119–130 (in Russian).
Vasyutkin, S. M., Kardonov, V. T., Kol'tsov, P. M. 1995. In Markovin, V. I. (ed.). Materialy i issledovaniia po arkheologii Kalmykii (Materials and Studies on the Archaeology of Kalmykia). Elista: Kalmyk State University Publ., 90–106 (in Russian).
Geras'kova, L. S. 1991. Skul'ptura seredn'ovіchnikh kochovikіv stepіv Skhіdnoї Єvropi (Sculpture of medieval nomads of the steppes of Eastern Europe). Kyiv: “Naukova dumka” Publ. (in Ukrainian).
Golubeva, L. A. 1971. In Sovetskaya Arkheologiya (Soviet Archaeology) (4), 114–126 (in Russian).
Golubeva, L. A. 1987. In Sedov, V. V. (ed.). Finno-ugry i balty v epokhu Srednevekov’ia (The Finno-Ugrians and Balts in the Middle Ages). Series: Arkheologiya SSSR (Archaeology of the USSR) 17. Moscow: “Nauka” Publ., 52–64 (in Russian).
Demіdko O. O. 2014. In Starodavnostі Pіvnіchnogo Azov’ya (Antiquity of Pivnichny Azov). Marіupol', 83–87 (in Ukrainian).
Evglevsky A. V. 1992. In Posrednikov, V. A. (ed.). Donetskii arkheologіcheskii zbornik (Donetsk archaeological compendium) 1. Donetsk: “Avers Ko LTD” Publ., 107–116 (in Russian).
Evglevskii, A. V., Potyomkina, T. M. 2000. In Evglevskii, A. V. (ed.-in-chief). Stepi Evropy v epokhu srednevekov’ia (Steppes of Europe in the Middle Ages) 1. Donetsk: Donetsk National University, 117–179 (in Russian).
Evglevskii, A. V., Potyomkina, T. M. 2000. In Evglevskii, A. V. (ed.-in-chief). Stepi Evropy v epokhu srednevekov’ia (Steppes of Europe in the Middle Ages) 1. Donetsk: Donetsk National University, 181–208 (in Russian).
Koval'ova I. F., Shalobudov V. M., Strukulenko A. S., Ivantsiv A. V., Yaroshenko A. G. 2016. Ekspozitsiya ta naukovi fondi Kabinetu arkheologiï Dnipropetrovs'kogo natsional'nogo universitetu imeni Olesya Gonchara (Exposition and scientific funds of the Cabinet of Archaeology of the Dnipropetrovsk National University named after Oles Honchar). Dnipropetrovs'k (in Ukrainian).
Kolchin, B. А. 1985. In Rybakov, B. A. (ed.). Drevniaia Rus'. Gorod, zamok, selo (Ancient Rus’. Town, Castle, Village). Series: Arkheologiia SSSR (Archaeology of the USSR) 6(20). Moscow: “Nauka” Publ. 243–297 (in Russian).
Krasil'nikov K. I. 1999. Drevnee kamnereznoe iskusstvo Luganshchiny (Ancient stone-cutting art of Luhansk region). Lugansk: “Shlyakh”» Publ. (in Russian).
Krasil'nikov K. I., Tel'nova L. I. 2000. In Evglevskii, A. V. (ed.-in-chief). Stepi Evropy v epokhu srednevekov’ia (Steppes of Europe in the Middle Ages) 1. Donetsk: Donetsk National University, 227–244 (in Russian).
Kriger, V. A. 1982. Otchet ob arkheologicheskikh issledovaniiakh na territorii Volgogradskoi oblasti v 1982 g. (Report on Archaeological Studies in the Territory of the Volgograd Region in 1982). Archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, inv. R-1, dossier 635 (in Russian)., inv. R-1, dossier 9241, 9241а (in Russian).
Krylova, L. P. 1976. Kamennye baby. Katalog (Stone women. Catalog). Dnepropetrovsk: “Promіn'” Publ. (in Russian).
Larenok, V. A. 2001. In Donskaia arkheologiia (Archaeology of Don) (1–2), 79–88 (in Russian).
Lopatin, A. P., Lopatina, T. E., Lopatina, N. A., Vasil'eva, O. A. 2024. In Korobov, D. S. (ed.). Dostizheniya i perspektivy izucheniya arkheologii Severnogo Kavkaza v XX – pervoy chetverti XXI veka. Materialy Mezhdunarodnoy nauchnoy konferentsii po arkheologii Severnogo Kavkaza «XXXIII Krupnovskie chteniya», posvyashchennoy 120-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya Evgeniya Ignat'evicha Krupnova (Achievements And Prospects For Studying The Archaeology Of The North Caucasus in the 20th – first quarter of the 21st century. Prоceedings оf the Internаtiоnаl Scientific Cоnference «XXXIII Krupnоv Reаdings» devоted tо the 120th аnniversаry оf the birth оf Evgeny Ignаtievich Krupnоv). Moscow: Institute of Archaeology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 320–321 (in Russian).
Movchan, І. І., Pisarenko, Yu. G. 1994. In Arkheologіya (Archaeology) (3), 106–112 (in Ukrainian).
Narozhnyi E. I. 2003. In Evglevskii, A. V. (ed.-in-chief). Stepi Evropy v epokhu srednevekov’ia (Steppes of Europe in the Middle Ages) 3. Donetsk: Donetsk National University, 245–274 (in Russian).
Onishchenko, A. S., Borodenko, S. N. 2018. In Skripkin, A. S. (ed.-in chief). Problemy arkheologii i muzeevedeniya. Sbornik statey, posvyashchennykh pamyati N.V. Khabarovoy (1955-2017) (Issues of archaeology and museology. Collection of papers dedicated to the memory of N.V. Khabarova (1955-2017)). Volgograd: Volgograd State University, 245–257 (in Russian).
Panteleev, S. A. 2011. In Kiyashko, V. Ya. (ed.). Arkheologicheskie zapiski (Archaeological Notes) 7. Rostov-on-Don: “Don archaeological society” Publ., 280–286 (in Russian).
Parusimov, I. N. 2007. In Guguev, Yu. K. (ed.). Srednevekovye drevnosti Dona (Medieval antiquities of the Don). Series: Materialy i issledovaniia po arkheologii Dona (Materials and Research of the Don Archaeology) II. Moscow: “Mosty kul’tury” Publ.; Jerusalem: “Gesharim” Publ., 312–324 (in Russian).
Pilipenko, D. V. 2012. In Kluchneva, I. M. (ed.). Problemi doslіdzhennia pam’iatok arkheologії Skhіdnoї Ukraїni (Issues of Studying Archaeological Monuments of Eastern Ukraine). Lugansk: Lugansk Regional Museum of Local Lore, 454–457 (in Russian).
Pletneva, S. A. 1974. Polovestkie kamennye izvaianiia (Cuman Stone Statues). Series: Svod Arkheologicheskikh Istochnikov (Corpus of Archaeological Sources) E4-2. Moscow: “Nauka” Publ. (in Russian).
Pleshivenko, A. G. 1993. In 1993. In Toshchev, G. N. et al. (eds.). Drevnosti stepnogo Prichernomor'ia i Kryma (Antiquities of the Steppe Black Sea Region and Crimea) 4. Zaporozh’e: Zaporozh’e State University, 128–156 (in Russian).
Potyomkina, T. M. 2024. In Cultural Heritage and Modern Technologies (2), 132–153 (in Russian).
Prokof'ev, R. V., Prokof'eva, T. E. 2012. In Evglevskii, A. V. (ed.-in-chief). Stepi Evropy v epokhu srednevekov’ia (Steppes of Europe in the Middle Ages) 10. Donetsk: Donetsk National University, 95–117 (in Russian).
Rogudeev V. V. 2010. In Kiyashko, V. Ya. (ed.). Istoriko-arkheologicheskie issledovaniia v Azove i na Nizhnem Donu v 2007–2008 g. (Historical and Archaeological Investigations in Azov and Lower Don in 2007–2008) 24. Azov: Azov Historical-Archaeological and Palaeontological Open-Air Museum, 79–84 (in Russian).
Rodionova, M. A., Gippius, A. A. 2013. In Yanin, V. L. (ed.). Novgorod i Novgorodskaia zemlia. Istoriia i arkheologiia (Novgorod and Novgorod Land. History and Archaeology) 27. Veliky Novgorod: Novgorod Museum-Reserve, 152–170 (in Russian).
Rudenko K. A. 2022. In Belorybkin, G. N. (ed.). Penzenskii arkheologicheskii sbornik (Penza Archaeological Collected Papers) 5. Penza: Institute of Regional Development of the Penza region, 203–225 (in Russian).
Sinitsyn I. V. 1960. In Krupnov, E. I., Smirnov, K. F. (eds.). Drevnosti Nizhnego Povolzh'ya (Antiquities of the Lower Volga Region) Vol. 2. Series: Materialy i issledovaniia po arkheologii SSSR (Materials and Research in the USSR Archaeology) 78. Moscow: Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 10–168 (in Russian).
Fedorov-Davydov, G. A. 1966. Kochevniki Vostochnoi Evropy pod vlast’iu zolotoordynskikh khanov: Arkheologicheskie pamiatniki (East-European Nomads under the Golden Horde’s Khans: Archaeological Sites). Moscow: Moscow State University (in Russian).
Chkhaidze, V. N. 2016. In Kyzlasov, I. L. (ed.). Stepi Vostochnoi Evropy v srednie veka. Sbornik pamiati S.A. Pletnevoi (Steppes of Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages. Collection dedicated to the Memory of S.А. Pletneva). Moscow: “Avtorskaia kniga” Publ. 353–3820 (in Russian).
Shalobudov, V. N. 1982. In Kovaleva, I. F. (ed.). Drevnosti stepnogo Podneprov’ia (III-I tys. do n.e. (Antiquities of the Steppe Dnieper Region (3rd-1st Millennia BC)). Dnepropetrovsk: Dnepropetrovsk State University, 60−68 (in Russian).
Shalobudov, V. N., Yaremaka, V. N. 1985. In Kovaleva, I. F. (ed.). Problemy arkheologii Podneprov'ia (Archaeological Issues of the Dnieper Region). Dnepropetrovsk: Dnepropetrovsk State university, 138–154 (in Russian).
Shalobudov, V. N., Yaremaka, V. N. 1987. In Kovaleva, I. F. (ed.). Pamyatniki bronzovogo i rannego zheleznogo veka Podneprov'ya (Monuments of the Bronze and Early Iron Age of the Dnieper region). Dnepropetrovsk: Dnepropetrovsk State University, 128–135 (in Russian).
Shilov, V. P. 1959. In Krupnov, E. I. (ed.). Drevnosti Nizhnego Povolzh'ya (Antiquities of the Lower Volga Region) Vol. 1. Series: Materialy i issledovaniia po arkheologii SSSR (Materials and Research in the USSR Archaeology) 60. Moscow: Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 323–523in Russian).
Żak J., 1960. In Slavia Antiqua (7), 407–442 (in Polish).
Загрузки
Опубликован
Как цитировать
Выпуск
Раздел
Лицензия
Copyright (c) 2025 Т.М. Потемкина
Это произведение доступно по лицензии Creative Commons «Attribution-NonCommercial» («Атрибуция — Некоммерческое использование») 4.0 Всемирная.
