«И тем сильнее у меня желание обменяться с Вами мыслями по поводу науки»: А.В. Шмидт и А.М. Тальгрен в переписке (1922–1929 гг.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24852/2587-6112.2026.3.329.356Ключевые слова:
А.В. Шмидт, А.М. Тальгрен, А.С. Лебедев, археология Волго-Уралья, Кольского полуострова и Северного Кавказа, Пермский университет, Музей антропологии и этнографии, переписка, полемикаАннотация
Статья посвящена обзору переписки А.В. Шмидта и А.М. Тальгрена – одного из крупнейших европейских археологов первой половины XX века, которого Алексей Викторович называл своим учителем в археологии. Корреспонденция Шмидта отложилась в фонде Тальгрена в рукописном отделе Национальной библиотеки (Coll. 230.9) и в его рабочем архиве в Музейном ведомстве Финляндии (папки «Tallgren 3, 12, 13, 19»), письма финского археолога – в Рукописном архиве Института истории материальной культуры РАН. Два первых письма российского ученого адресованы в 1922–1923 гг. из Перми, остальные относятся к ленинградскому периоду его жизни и деятельности. Переписка характеризует экспедиционную, научную и педагогическую деятельность Шмидта в Пермском университете и краеведческом музее, а с 1924 г. – в Музее антропологии и этнографии АН СССР. Она восполняет многие важные и неизвестные ранее детали того, как ученый-египтолог вырос в крупнейшего на Урале в 1920-е гг. археолога-профессионала; приоткрывает нам «рабочую кухню» исследователя, историю создания его важнейших трудов и перипетии с их изданием; выявляет действительно уникальную роль Тальгрена в научном росте Шмидта. С конца 1929 г. переписка между ними прерывается. Причина тому – известное «дело С.А. Жебелёва» и публичное выступление финского археолога в его защиту, после которого Тальгрен стал персоной non grata в СССР. Этот год стал поворотным в научном творчестве Шмидта. С переходом в ГАИМК началась его «перековка» на марксистские «рельсы» и отход в большинстве публикаций от традиций русской археологии начала XX века.
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