Археологические исследования столицы Касимовского ханства
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24852/2587-6112.2022.5.305.314Ключевые слова:
археология, Касимов, ханство, Средневековье, город, история, городище, селище, могильник.Аннотация
В статье рассматривается история изучения средневекового Касимова – столицы Касимовского ханства (середина XV – конец XVII вв.). Выделены этапы археологического изучения. Представлены результаты археологических исследований 2008–2021 гг. даны результаты исследований Ханской мечети и мавзолеев-текие Шах Али и Афган Мухаммед султана. Локализованы некоторые исторические объекты средневекового города, анализ картографического материала и данные полевых исследований позволили локализовать место расположения ханского дворца. С районом Старого Посада увязано первоначальное расположение г. Касимова ханского времени, известного также как Городец Мещерский, Царевичев Городок, Касимов XIII – первой половины XVI вв. Геофизические исследования Старопосадского татарского кладбища выявили остатки нескольких мавзолеев. Выявлено начало формирования культурного слоя – не ранее середины XVI в. в районе Татарской Горы и Татарской слободы. Прослежена преемственность развития средневековых поселений от Касимовского археологического комплекса (городище Земляной Струг, селище Дорофеево поле IX-XIII вв.) к Городцу Мещерскому (XIII – первая половина XV в.) и ханской столице. Археологически установлено время формирования исторического ядра средневекового города и этапы освоения территорий. Даны перспективы дальнейших исследований.
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