PRODUCTION BUILDINGS OF THE NAROVCHAT ANCIENT SETTLEMENT OF THE GOLDEN HORDE PERIOD
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24852/2587-6112.2024.2.89.104Keywords:
archaeology, Upper Moksha region, Golden Horde, Narovchat ancient settlement, production buildings, pottery, furnace for burning potteryAbstract
The Narovchat ancient settlement (the territory of the present-day urban-type settlement Narovchat, the district center in the Penza region) is the remains of the Golden Horde city of Mokhshi, which had the status of the center of ulus on the northwestern periphery of the Golden Horde, in the Upper Moksha basin. All identified production buildings of the archaeological site were furnaces for fi ring and baking bricks and pottery. The purpose of the work is to give the most detailed structural and morphological characteristics and topographic reference to the production buildings of the Narovchat settlement. The materials for the article were reports on archaeological works in 1959 and 1963 by A.Ye. Alikhova and in 1989 and 1990 by Yu.A. Zeleneyev and some scientific publications. Three furnaces were discovered in the central part of the Narovchat fortification (the area of modern Sovetskaya Square in Narovchat). Two furnace were discovered nearby Narovchat, in the place Krasny Klyuch. The furnaces of the central part of the Narovchat ancient setlement were characterized by the round or oval shape, relatively small sizes and the two-chamber construction. Presumably, they were used for burning unglazed pottery. Reconstruction of the furnaces nearby Krasny Klyuch is hampered by poor preservation. They were rectangular and trapezoidal form in plan. The combustion of the chamber consisted of
arched structures. The upper part of the furnaces was destroyed. This makes it difficult to identify the construction characteristics.
References
Alikhova, A. E. 1960. Otchet ob arkheologicheskikh rabotakh Mordovskoy arkheologicheskoy ekspeditsii v Narovchate (Report on the archaeological work of the Mordovian archaeological expedition in Narovchat). Moscow. Archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. R-1, no. 1910 (in Russian).
Alikhova, A. E. 1960a. Al'bom illyustratsiy k otchetu ob arkheologicheskikh rabotakh Mordovskoy arkheologicheskoy ekspeditsii v Narovchate v 1959 g. (Album of illustrations for the report on the archaeological works by the Mordovian archaeological expedition in Narovchat in 1959). Moscow. Archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. R-1, no. 1910а (in Russian).
Alikhova, A. E. 1964. Otchet o rabote Narovchatskoy arkheologicheskoy ekspeditsii v s. Narovchat Penzenskoy oblasti za 1963 g. (Report on the works by the Narovchat archaeological expedition in the village of Narovchat of the Penza region for 1963). Moscow. Archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. R-1, no. 2770 (in Russian).
Alikhova, A. E. 1969. In Passek, T. S. (ed.). Kratkie soobshcheniia Instituta arkheologii (Brief Communications of the Institute of Archaeology) 120. Moscow: “Nauka” Publ., 78–80 (in Russian).
Alikhova, A. E. 1973. In Sovetskaia Arkheologiia (Soviet Archaeology) (2), 226–237 (in Russian).
Alikhova, A. E. 1976. In Sovetskaia Arkheologiia (Soviet Archaeology) (4), 166–178 (in Russian).
Belorybkin, G. N. 2003. Zapadnoe Povolzh’e v srednie veka (The Western Volga Region in the Middle Ages). Penza: Penza State Pedagogical University (in Russian).
Belorybkin, G. N., Ikonnikov, D. S., Mel'nichenko, O. V., Vinnichek, V. A., Lebedev, V. P., Gumayunov, S. V., Golubev, O. V. 2021. Srednevekovyi gorod Mokhshi (The Medieval Town Mokhshi). Penza: “IRRPO” Publ. (in Russian).
Bobrinsky, A. A. 1991. Goncharnye masterskie i gorny Vostochnoi Evropy (po materialam II–V vv. n.e.) (Pottery Workshops and Kilns of Eastern Europe (based on the Materials of the 2nd –5th centuries A.D.). Moscow: “Nauka” Publ. (in Russian).
Bocharov, S. G. 2018. In Povolzhskaya arkheologiya (Volga River Region Archaeology) 24 (2), 253–269 (in Russian).
Bochkareva, E. E. 2010. In Belorybkin, G. N. (ed.). Srednevekovyi gorod Mokhshi i Naruchatskaia zemlia: itogi 95-letnego izucheniia (The Medieval Town Mokhshi and the Naruchat Land: Results of 95 Years of Studies). Penza, 19–24 (in Russian).
Vasil’eva, I. N. 1993. Goncharstvo Volzhskoi Bolgarii v X–XIV vv. (Pottery of Volga Bulgaria in 10th–14th Centuries). Yekaterinburg: “Nauka” Publ. (in Russian).
Galkin, L. L. 1975. In Sovetskaia Arkheologiia (Soviet Archaeology) (1), 252–259 (in Russian).
Zeleneev, Yu. A. 1990. Otchet ob arkheologicheskikh v Narovchatskom rayone Penzenskoy oblasti v 1989 g. (Report on archaeological works in the Narovchat district of the Penza region in 1989). Yoshkar-Ola. Archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Fund 1, R. 1, no. 13631 (in Russian).
Zeleneev, Yu. A. 1991. Otchet o raskopkakh na Narovchatskom gorodishche (g. Mokhshi) v 1990 g. (Report on excavations on the Narovchat fortification (Mokhshi) in 1990). Yoshkar-Ola. Archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Fund 1, R. 1, no. 16508 (in Russian).
Zeleneev, Yu. A. 2013. Etnokul'turnaya istoriya Povolzh'ya XIII–XV vv. (Ethnic-cultural history of the Volga region XIII–XV centuries). Thesis of Diss. of Candidate of Historical Sciences. Kazan (in Russian).
Zeleneev, Yu. A., Rumyantsev, G. G. 1994 In Nikitin, V. V. (ed.). Arkheologicheskie otkrytiia Urala i Povolzh’ia (Archaeological Discoveries in the Urals and Volga Region). Yoshkar-Ola, 45–46 (in Russian).
Zeleneev, Yu. A., Filippova, E. E. 2011. In Vestnik Chuvashskogo universiteta (Bulletin of the Chuvash University) (4), 44–52 (in Russian).
Ikonnikov, D. S., Baisheva, M. I. 2018. In Vestnik Penzenskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta (Bulletin of Penza State University) 21 (1), 82–90 (in Russian).
Ikonnikov, D. S., Baisheva, M. I. 2018a. In Vestnik Penzenskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta (Bulletin of Penza State University) 22 (2), 14–27 (in Russian).
Kokorina, N. A. 1983. In Khalikov, A. Kh. (ed.). Srednevekovye arkheologicheskie pamiatniki Tatarii (Medieval Archaeological Monuments of Tataria). Kazan: Kazan Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences, 50–69 (in Russian).
Kravchenko, S. A. 2016. In Bocharov, S. G., Sitdikov, A. G. (eds.). Dialog gorodskoi i stepnoi kul'tur na Evraziiskom prostranstve. Istoricheskaia geografi ia Zolotoi Ordy (Dialogue of the Urban and Steppe Cultures in the Eurasian Space. Historical Geography of the Golden Horde). Kazan; Yalta; Kishinev: “Stratum plus” Publ., 284–286 (in Russian).
Krotkov, A. A. 2011. Narovchat i ego okrestnosti v istoriko-arkheologicheskom otnoshenii (Narovchat and its environs in historical and archaeological respect). Penza (in Russian).
Lebedev, V. I. 2006. Legenda ili byl': po sledam zasechnykh storozhey (Legend or true story: in the traces of the zasechny guards ). Penza: “GUMNITS” Publ. (in Russian).
Maslovsky, A. N. 2016. In Bocharov, S. G., Sitdikov, A. G. (eds.). Dialog gorodskoi i stepnoi kul'tur na Evraziiskom prostranstve. Istoricheskaia geografi ia Zolotoi Ordy (Dialogue of the Urban and Steppe Cultures in the Eurasian Space. Historical Geography of the Golden Horde). Kazan; Yalta; Kishinev: “Stratum plus” Publ., 290–293 (in Russian).
Patsevich, G. I. 1957. In Udal'tsov, A. D. (ed.). Kratkie soobshcheniia Instituta istorii material’noi kul’tury (Brief Communications of the Institute for the History of Material Culture) 61. Moscow: Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 111–114 (in Russian).
Pigarev, E. M. 2008. Goncharnoe proizvodstvo zolotoordynskogo goroda Saray (Selitrennoe gorodishche) (Pottery Production of the Golden Horde city of Sarai (Selitrennoe Settlement). Thesis of Diss. of Candidate of Historical Sciences. Kazan (in Russian).
Pigarev, E. M. 2014. Goncharnoe proizvodstvo zolotoordynskogo goroda Saray (Selitrennoe gorodishche) (Pottery Production of the Golden Horde city of Sarai (Selitrennoe Settlement). Series: Materialy i issledovaniia po arkheologii Povolzh’ia (Materials and Research on the Archaeology of the Volga Region) 7. Yoshkar-Ola: Mari State University (in Russian).
Pigarev, E. M. 2022. Cherepyanoe pole Selitrennogo gorodishcha (Field "Cherepyanoe" of the Selitrennoye settlement) Series: Materialy i issledovaniia po arkheologii Povolzh’ia (Materials and Research on the Archaeology of the Volga Region) 14. Yoshkar-Ola: Mari State University (in Russian).
Polevoi, L. L. 1969. Gorodskoe goncharstvo Pruto-Dnestrov'ia v XIV v. (Urban Pottery of the Prut-Dniester Region in the 14th c.) Kishinev: Academy of Sciences of the Moldova SSR (in Russian).
Polesskikh, M. R. 1970. Arkheologicheskie pamiatniki Penzenskoi oblasti (Archaeological Monuments of Penza Oblast). Penza: “Privolzhskoe knizhnoe izdatel'stvo” Publ. (in Russian).
Rudakov, V. G. 2007. Selitrennoe gorodishche: khronologiia i topografi ia (Selitrennoe Settlement: Chronology and Topography). Thesis of Diss. of Candidate of Historical Sciences. Moscow (in Russian).
Fedorov-Davydov, G. A., Bulatov, N. M. 1989. In Smirnov, A. K. (ed.). Sokrovishcha sarmatskikh vozhdei i drevnie goroda Povolzh'ia (Treasures of Sarmatian leaders and ancient towns of the Volga region). Moscow: “Nauka” Publ., 133–248 (in Russian).
Khovanskaia, O. S. 1954. In Smirnov, A. P. (ed.). Trudy Kuybyshevskoi arkheologicheskoi ekspeditsii (Proceedings of the Kuybyshev Archaeological Expedition) I. Series: Materialy i issledovaniia po arkheologii SSSR (Materials and Studies in the Archaeology of the USSR) 42. Moscow: Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 340–368 (in Russian).
![](https://evrazstep.ru/public/journals/1/article_1237_cover_ru_RU.png)
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Ikonnikov Dmitry S., Goryunova Maria I.
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.