A Grave from the Period of Mongol Dominance in Eurasian Steppes (based on the results of studies of Bormotovo-3 Mound in Kuznetsk basin)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24852/2587-6112.2025.5.128.138Keywords:
archaeology, Kuznetsk Basin, Eastern Desht-i-Kipchak, developed Middle Ages, Shandino archaeological culture, horse equipment, radiocarbon datingAbstract
The author publishes and studies the excavation materials of grave 5 of Bormotovo-3 single barrow. At the preliminary stage of the study, they were dated to the 11th–14th centuries and attributed to Shandino archaeological culture of nomads from the Eastern Desht-i-Kipchak on the territory of Kuznetsk Basin. The paper features a description of the grave and finds is given, which are mainly represented by horse equipment items. A typological and chronological study of archaeological items was carried out with the involvement of local analogies and items from other territories of Eurasia. The uniqueness of the set of belt adornments and the similarity of their decoration with the products of the Khitan Liao Empire are noted. According to archaeological analogies and correlation of their dates, the grave was dated to the end of the 12th–13th centuries. Radiocarbon dating has allowed to date the grave with 1δ calibration (68%) to 1322–1457, and with 2δ calibration (95%) to 1297–1618 (the expected average value is 1420). The results obtain using the two dating methods partially coincide at the end of the 13th century. The revealed discrepancies in the archaeological and radiocarbon dating suggest that the causes of the recorded differences should be found and the monument can possibly be dated 100–200 years earlier.
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