ARCHAEOLOGICAL OBJECTS FROM NON-FERROUS METALS AND ALLOYS FROM KIPCHAKOVO II BURIAL GROUND OF THE PIANY BOR CULTURE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24852/2587-6112.2020.5.119.129Keywords:
archaeology, Early Iron Age, Piany Bor culture, Kipchakovo II burial ground, alloy, composition, bronze, metal, copper, tinAbstract
The paper introduces into scientifi c discourse the information on the chemical composition of non-ferrous metal products from Kipchakovo II burial ground (Ilishevsky District of the Republic of Bashkortostan), belonging to the fi rst stage of the Piany Bor culture (end of the 2nd century BC - 1st century AD) according to the periodization by B.B. Ageev. The chemical remains of the metal products from the burial ground were researched using the X-ray fl uorescence analysis method. The collection is represented both by items from 13 graves, and by individual articles which were located outside the complexes as the result of their removal by earth-moving animals. A total of 65 objects were analyzed, from the surface of which 68 samples were taken. The findings are represented by weapons and elements of costume decoration. An analysis of the completed measurements allowed to distinguish three groups of non-ferrous metal alloys: 1 – gold and silver alloy; 2 – tough-pitch copper; 3 – tin bronze. The third group of alloys (tin bronze) is available in two versions - with a high tin content (over 20%) and in a classic format (tin content within 5-15%). These alloys are traditional for this region and time period.
References
Agapov, S. A., Goshko, T. Yu., Agapov, D. S. 2013. In Agapov, S. A. (ed.). Eksperimental'naia arkheologiia. Vzgliad v XXI vek, Materialy mezhdunarodnoi polevoi nauchnoi konferentsii (Experimental Archaeology. A Glance into the 12st Century, Materials of the International Field Scientifi c Conference). Ulyanovsk: “Pechatnyi dvor” Publ., 187–202 (in Russian).
Ageev, B. B. 1992. P’ianoborskaia kul’tura (The Pyany Bor Culture). Ufa: Bashkir Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (in Russian).
Savel’eva, E. A. (ed.). 1997. Arkheologiia Respubliki Komi (Archaeology of the Komi Republic). Moscow: “DiK” Publ. (in Russian).
Gening, V. F. 1970. Istoriia naseleniia Udmurtskogo Prikam’ia v p’ianoborskuiu epokhu. Ch. I. Chegandinskaia kul’tura (III v. do n.e. – II v. n.e.) (History of Udmurt Kama Population in the Pyany Bor epoch. Part I. The Cheganda culture (3rd Century BC – 2nd Century AD)). In Semenov, V. A. (ed.). Voprosy arkheologii Urala (Issues of the Ural Archaeology) 10. Izhevsk (in Russian).
Goldina, R. D., Perevoshchikov, S. E., Sabirova, T. M. 2012. In Goldina, R. D., Krasnoperov, A. A. Nyrgyndinskii I mogil’nik II–III vv. na Srednei Kame (Nyrgynda I Burial Ground from 2nd—3rd Centuries in the Middle Kama Area). Series: Materialy i issledovaniia Kamsko-Viatskoi arkheologicheskoi ekspeditsii (Proceedings and Research of the Kama-Vyatka Archaeological Expedition) 22. Izhevsk: Udmurt State University, 341–362 (in Russian).
Dotkin, K. V. 2015. In Sitdikov, A. G. (ed.). Mezhdunarodnaia polevaia shkola v Bolgare. Sbornik materialov itogovoi konferentsii (International Field School in Bolgar: Proceedings of the Final Conference). Kazan; Bolgar: Institute of Archaeology named after A. Kh. Khalikov; Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 126–132 (in Russian).
Eniosova, N. V., Mitoian, R. A. . 2014. In Sitdikov A. G., Makarov N. A., Derevianko A. P. (eds.). Trudy IV (XX) Vserossiiskogo arkheologicheskogo s″ezda v Kazani (Proceedings of the 4th (20th) All-Russia Archaeological Congress in Kazan) IV. Kazan: “Otechestvo” Publ., 146–149 (in Russian).
Zubov, S. E., Sattarov, R. R. 2015, In Izvestiia Samarskogo nauchnogo tsentra Rossiiskoi Akademii nauk (Proceedings of the Samara Scientifi c Center, Russian Academy of Sciences). Vol. 17, no. 3. 537–547 (in Russian).
Kazantseva, O. A., Perevoshchikov, S. E., Sabirova, T. M. 2015. In Izvestiia Komi nauchnogo tsentra UrO RAN. (Proceedings of the Komi Scientifi c Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences) 4. Syktyvkar, 100–107 (in Russian).
Kashtanov, L. I., Smirnov, A. P. 1958. In Kratkie soobshcheniia Instituta istorii material’noi kul’tury (Brief Communications of the Institute for the History of Material Culture) 53. Moscow: Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 3–13 (in Russian).
Kuzminykh, S. V. 1983. Metallurgiia Volgo-Kam’ia v rannem zheleznom veke (med’ i bronza) (Metallurgy of the Volga-Kama Region in the Early Iron Age (Copper and Bronze)). Moscow: “Nauka” Publ. (in Russian).
Moshkova, M. G. 1964. In Passek, T. S. (ed.). Kratkie soobshcheniia Instituta arkheologii (Brief Communications of the Institute of Archaeology) 89. Moscow: “Nauka” Publ., 77–82 (in Russian).
Orekhov, P. M. 2006. Bronzoliteinoe proizvodstvo Prikam`ya v postanan`inskii period (Bronze Casting in the Kama Region during the Post-Ananyino Period). Diss. of candidate of historical Sciences. Izhevsk (in Russian).
Perevoshchikov, S. E.,., Sabirova, T. M. 2013. In Tishkin, A. A. (ed.). Sovremennye resheniia aktual'nykh problem evraziiskoi arkheologii (Contemporary Solutions to the Current Issues of Eurasian Archaeology). Barnaul: Altai State University, 211–214 (in Russian).
Perevoshchikov, S. E., Sabirova, T. M. 2014 In Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Seriia «Istoriia» (Bulletin of the Perm University. History Series) 24 (1). 71–81 (in Russian)
Perevoshchikov, S. E., Sabirova, T. M. 2014. In Leshchinskaia, N. A. Viatskii krai v p’ianoborskuiu epokhu (po materialam pogrebal’nykh pamiatnikov I–V vv. n.e.) (Vyatka Area in the Pyany Bor Epoch: on the Materials from Burial Sites of the 1st–5th Centuries AD). Series: Materialy i issledovaniia Kamsko-Viatskoi arkheologicheskoi ekspeditsii (Proceedings and Research of the Kama-Vyatka Archaeological Expedition) 27. Izhevsk: Udmurt University, 452–470 (in Russian).
Ravich, I. G. 1983. In Shteyner, E. S., Zaostrovtseva, V. F. (eds.). Khudozhestvennoe nasledie. Khranenie, issledovanie, restavratsiya (Artistic Heritage. Storage, Research and Restoration) 8 (38). Moscow: “Iskusstvo” Publ., 135–145 (in Russian).
Sattarov, R. R. 2016. In Izvestiia Akademii upravleniia: teoriia, strategii, innovacii (Bulletin of the Academy of Management: Theory, Strategies, Innovations) 17 (1), 93–95 (in Russian).
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 R.R. Sattarov, K.V. Dotkin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
