GLASS MAKING CRAFT OF THE LOWER VOLGA CAPITALS OF THE GOLDEN HORDE: PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF EXCAVATIONS IN 2017 OF THE SELITRENNOYE SETTLEMENT

Abstract

Historical sources testify to the wide range and originality of the Golden Horde crafts. This is confi rmed also by materials of archaeological researches of one of the largest and unique historical and cultural objects of the Russian Federation – the inhabited settlement (the city of Saray al – Mahrusa, the capital of Ulus Dzhuchi). Glassmaking workshop of the Golden Horde period was discovered on the Northern slope of the hill Kuchugury settlement in 1967 year by detachment of the PAE of the USSR under the leadership of L. L. Galkina. During researches of this object it was found out that bracelets, rings and beads were made in this a workshop. The researcher recorded the remains of technological objects (glass furnaces) and a large number of products, their fragments and blanks. However, in 2016, during the visual inspection of the territory and the study of the scientifi c report L. L. Galkin it was found out that in 1967 only a small part of the glassmaking workshop was studied. As a result, in 2017, near the excavation of L. L. Galkin, a excavation site was laid (head E. M. Pigarev), which allowed to reconstruct the organization of the workshop space and the opportunity to assert a high level of development of glassmaking craft in the lower Volga capitals of the Golden Horde. In particular, the materials of the excavation in 2017 allow not only to obtain better information about the in the production of glass products in the Golden Horde capital, the systematization of products (from window glass to fi ne jewelry), but also to make a comparative analysis with imported items. This material is introduced into scientifi c circulation for the fi rst time. technologies used