Kurshun-Jami Mosque (Crimea, 14th Century) and the Seljuk Tradition of Anatolia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24852/2587-6112.2022.4.242.249Keywords:
archaeology, Golden Horde, Ulus of Jochi, Solkhat/Crimea, Kurshun-Jami, Lead Mosque, Asia Minor, Seljuk architecture, Seljuk style.Abstract
The publication features the results of many years of studies on one of the most significant sites for the understanding the historical topography of the Golden Horde city in Crimea – the Kurshun-Jami Mosque (the Lead Mosque). The essay is based on an analysis of written information and a complex of archaeological
observations. An attempt was made to identify the construction stages and periods of operation of the site as a Tekke and as a mosque after the hospitium was rebuilt. A significant role belongs to observations related to the structures of a later time period in the territory of the complex. One of the main plots of the essay is related to the substantiation of the genesis of the domed spate of the site, which goes back to the Byzantine-Seljuk tradition in the architecture of Asia Minor. At the same time, we do not exclude that the construction of the Solkhat mosque was carried out by the Anatolian construction group. Kurshun-Jami represents the final stage of Seljuk innovations in the architecture of Solkhat, which lasted more than eighty years, starting with the construction of the Uzbek Mosque in 1314. The type of hall buildings with a powerful dome, reflected in the spatial volumes of Kurshun-Jami, documents the onset of the early Ottoman stage in development architecture of the town.
References
Асеев Ю.С., Сикорский М.И., Юра, Р.А. Памятник гражданского зодчества XI в. в Переяславе Хмельницком // СА. 1967. № 1. С. 199–214.
Башкиров А.С. Художественные памятники Солхата // Крым. 1927. № 1. С. 122–144.
Воронин Н.Н. Зодчество Северо-Восточной Руси XII–XV веков. Т. 1. М.: ИА РАН, 1961. 584 с.
Воротынцев Л.В. «Татарский торговый путь («Via Tartarrica” в системе международной торговли XIII-XV вв. // Золотоордынское обозрение. 2019. Т. 7. № 1. С. 77–89.
Григорьев А.П. “Книга путешествия” Эвлии Челеби – источник по истории Крыма XIII–XVII вв. // Историография и источниковедение истории стран Азии и Африки. Вып. 3. 1974. С. 19–28.
Засыпкин Б.Н. Памятники архитектуры крымских татар // Крым. № 2(4). М.-Л.: Госиздат, 1927.
С. 113–168.
Зиливинская Э.Д. Архитектура Золотой Орды. Ч. I. Культовое зодчество. Казань, 2014. М.; Казань: Отечество, 2014. 448 с.
Кононенко Е.И. Анатолийская мечеть XI–XV вв. Очерки истории архитектуры. М.: Прогресс-Традиция, 2017. 480 с.
Крамаровский М.Г. Золотая Орда как цивилизация // Золотая Орда. История и культура: каталог выставки. СПб: Славия, 2005. С. 13–15.
Крамаровский М.Г. О благотворительности в Золотой Орде. Семья Кутлуг-Тимура и архитектурные доминанты Солхата // Сообщения Государственного Эрмитажа. Вып. 70. СПб.: Изд-во Гос. Эрмитажа, 2013. С. 35–45.
Почекаев Р.Ю. Правосудие далекого покровителя, или как золотоордынский правитель Бату решал проблемы Сельджукского султаната // Золотоордынское наследие. Вып. 4. Казань, 2021. С. 154–160.
Рапопорт П.А. Строительное производство Древней Руси (X–XIII вв.). СПб.: Наука, 1994. 160 с.
Селезнев Ю.В. Элита Золотой Орды. Казань: Фэн, 2009. 232 с.
Челеби Э. Книга путешествия. Крым и сопредельные области. (Извлечения из сочинения турецкого путешественника XVII века) / Пер., вступ. стат. и комм. Е.В. Бахревского. Симферополь: Доля, 2008. 270 с.
Kuran A. The mosque in early Ottoman architecture. Chicago. Published by University of Chicago Press, 1968. 233 pp.
REFERENCES
Aseev, Yu. S., Sikorskiy, M. I., Yura, R. A. 1967. In Sovetskaia Arkheologiia (Soviet Archaeology) (1), 199–214 (in Russian).
Bashkirov, A. S. 1927. In Krym (Krym) (1). 122–144 (in Russian).
Voronin, N. N. 1961. Zodchestvo Severo-Vostochnoy Rusi XII–XV vekov. T. 1 (Architecture of North-Eastern Russia of the 12th–15th Centuries. Vol. 1). Moscow: Institute of Archaeology, Russian Academy of Sciences (in Russian).
Vorotyntsev, L. V. 2019. In Zolotoordynskoe obozrenie (Golden Horde Review) 7 (1). 77–89 (in Russian).
Grigor’ev, A. P. 1974. In Istoriografiia i istochnikovedenie istorii stran Azii i Afriki (Historiography and Historical Sources for Asia and Africa Countries) 3, 19–28 (in Russian).
Zasypkin, B. N. 1927. In Krym (Crimea) 2(4). Moscow; Leningrad: “Gosizdat” Publ., 113–168 (in Russian).
Zilivinskaya, E. D. 2014. Arkhitektura Zolotoi Ordy (Architecture of the Golden Horde) 1. Kul’tovoe zodchestvo (Ritual Architecture). Moscow; Kazan: “Otechestvo” Publ. (in Russian).
Kononenko, E. I. 2017. Anatoliyskaya mechet' XI–XV vv. Ocherki istorii arkhitektury (Anatolian Mosque XI–XV Centuries. Essays on the History of Architecture). Moscow: “Progress-Traditsiya” Publ. (in Russian).
Kramarovskii, M. G. 2005. In Zolotaia Orda. Istoriia i kul'tura. Katalog vystavki (The Golden Horde. History and Culture. Exhibition Catalogue). Saint Petersburg: “Slaviia” Publ., 13–15 (in Russian).
Kramarovskii, M. G. 2013. In Sbornik Gosudarstvennogo Ermitazha (Reports of the State Hermitage Museum) 70. Saint Petersburg: State Hermitage Museum Publ. 35–45 (in Russian).
Pochekaev, R. Yu. 2021. In Mirgaleev, I. M. (ed.). Zolotoordynskoe nasledie (Heritage of the Golden Horde) 4. Kazan: “Fan” Publ., 154–160 (in Russian).
Rapoport, P. A. 1994. Stroitel'noe proizvodstvo Drevney Rusi (X–XIII vv.) (Construction in Ancient Russia). Saint Petersburg: “Nauka” Publ. (in Russian).
Seleznev, Yu. V. 2009. Elita Zolotoy Ordy (Elite of the Golden Horde). Kazan: Fan, 2009 (in Russian).
Chelebi, E. 2008. Kniga puteshestviya. Krym i sopredel'nye oblasti. (Izvlecheniya iz sochineniya turetskogo puteshestvennika XVII veka). (Book of Travel. Crimea and the Neighbouring Regions. (Extracts from a Work by a 17th Century Turkish Traveler). Simferopol: “Dolya” Publ. (in Russian).
Kuran, A. 1968. The mosque in early Ottoman architecture. Chicago. Published by University of Chicago Press.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 M.G. Kramarovsky, E.I. Seydaliev
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
