Place of Kukayaz 1-8 Sites in the Classification of Central Asian Stone Age Workshops
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24852/2587-6112.2023.1.190.194Keywords:
archaeology, primitive production, specialization, Kyzylkum, Kukayaz, classification scheme, industry, workshops, Paleolithic, Neolithic.Abstract
Uzbekistan takes a special place in the study of the Stone Age workshops in the Central Asia. The territory of Uzbekistan is the region rich in famous stone-working workshops of the ancient Stone Age. There are workshops belonging to different stages of the Paleolithic: Kyzylalma 1 and 2, Dzharsay, Gyshtsay – in the Akhangaran river valley (Tashkent oasis), Uchtut, Idzhont and Vaush in the Zarafshan river valley, Yesen 2, Shakhpakhty, Karakuduk, Kukcha, Sultan-Uizdag (points No. 23 and 24) – in Kyzylkum and Kapchigay – in the Ferghana Valley. But they are all ordinary workshops in the proper sense. Points Kukayaz 1-8 belong to specialized workshops for the production of unique items of the Stone Age – biface-points. In this respect, this discovery makes it possible to trace the evolutionary development of the Paleolithic workshops of Central Asia on the eve of the appearance of the unique Uchtut mines of the Neolithic period. The knapping technique of the Kukayaz workshops is also distinguished by its originality. Here, along with the well-known Late Paleolithic methods of knapping, such as one/two-platform, orthogonal, prismatic and wedge-shaped, a completely new method of knapping was revealed – the method of “Kukayaz type”-knapping, that takes an important place in the development of Kukayaz industries. The paper presents the features of Kukayaz 1-8 sites and a new classification of stone-working workshops in Central Asia during the Stone Age.
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