CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SILVER COINS OF THE SECOND HALF OF 14TH - FIRST THIRD OF 15TH CENTURIES IN CIRCULATION IN THE BOLGAR ULUS

Authors

  • Pavel V. Fedan Institute of Archaeology named after A. Kh. Khalikov, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences. Butlerov Str., 30, Kazan, 420012, the Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation
  • Dzhamil G. Mukhametshin Bolgar State Historical and Architectural Museum-Reserve. Nazarovyh St., 67, Bolgar, 422840, the Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation
  • Rezida H. Khramchenkova Institute of Archaeology named after A.Kh. Khalikov, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences. Butlerov St., 30, Kazan, 420012, the Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation; Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University. Kremlyovskaya St., 18, Kazan, 420000, the Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation
  • Airat G. Sitdikov Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University. Kremlyovskaya St., 18, Kazan, 420000, the Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation; Institute of Archaeology named after A. Kh. Khalikov, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences. Butlerov Str., 30, Kazan, 420012, the Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24852/2587-6112.2020.5.214.226

Keywords:

archaeology,, silver coins, 14th – 15th centuries, Bolgar Ulus, chemical composition

Abstract

The aim of this work is to determine the dynamics of changes of silver coins of the Golden Horde and the Bolgar ulus in the second half of 14th – the fi rst third of 15th century in the context of historical events and disasters by means of an analysis of the numismatic material and determination of chemical composition. The studied group consists of 23 fragments of various silver coins: coins minted in Bulgaria, imitations of Juchid dangas, cut and countermarked coins, and a coin of the Crimean khanate as material for comparison. The concentration of elements in the metal samples was determined using two independent analytical methods –
non-destructive x-ray fl uorescence (XRF) and emission spectral (ESA) analysis. XRF analysis was performed both on the surface and on the fractures of the coins. A comparison of the results in the content of the main components of metal alloys revealed a difference in the concentration of silver and copper, identifi ed on the surface and on the fracture. The ESA and XRF results (obtained on the fracture) showed good comparability and allowed to identify trends in chemical composition changes depending on the period and ruler.

References

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Published

2020-10-31

How to Cite

Fedan, P. V., Mukhametshin, D. G., Khramchenkova, R. H., & Sitdikov, A. G. (2020). CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SILVER COINS OF THE SECOND HALF OF 14TH - FIRST THIRD OF 15TH CENTURIES IN CIRCULATION IN THE BOLGAR ULUS. Arkheologiia Evraziiskikh Stepei (Archaeology of the Eurasian Steppes), (5), 214–226. https://doi.org/10.24852/2587-6112.2020.5.214.226

Issue

No. 5 (2020)

Section

Research and Publication

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Copyright (c) 2020 P.V. Fedan, D.G. Mukhametshin, R.Kh. Khramchenkova, A.G. Sitdikov

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

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