Early Metal Age Stone Axes from the Collection of the Sovetsk District Museum of Regional Studies named after A.S. Lebedev
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24852/2587-6112.2024.1.256.263Keywords:
archaeology, Early Metal Age, Bronze Age, Balanovo culture, stone axe, Vyatka, asbestos ceramics cultureAbstract
The article deals with the Early Metal Age stone axes kept in the Sovetsk District Museum of Regional Studies named after A.S. Lebedev. According to morphological features, in accordance with the classification of battle bored axes of Balanovo culture by O.N. Bader and A.Kh. Khalikov, these stone items were typologized by the authors, five types of stone axes were distinguished on this basis. Such stone axes of the Early Metal Age were the most widespread among the representatives of the Balanovo culture of corded ware in the Bronze Age in the Upper and Middle Volga area, which indicates close cultural relationship between the bearers of the above-mentioned culture of the Vyatka River basin and the Volga region. The chronological boundary of the use of these stone axes is determined by the end of the III – 1st quarter of the II millennium BC.
A special place in the collection above-mentioned is occupied by a zoomorphic shaped axe – the axe-hammer. The presence in the collection of the Sovetsk Museum of a figured axe-hammer, the location of which is
associated with the surroundings of Sovetsk (Kirov region), is presumably a reflection of cultural contacts of the Balanovo culture population, inhabited the Vyatka River basin, with the bearers of the asbestos ceramics culture at a certain stage of their development.
References
Bader, O. N. 1940. In Artamonov, M. I. (ed.). Sovetskaia Arkheologiia (Soviet Archaeology) (6). Moscow: Moscow: Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 63–88 (in Russian).
Bader, O. N. 1963. Balanovskii mogil’nik: iz istorii lesnogo Povolzh’ia v epokhu bronzy (Balanovo Burial Ground: from the History of the Forested Volga Region in the Bronze Age). Moscow: Academy of Sciences of the USSR (in Russian).
Bader, O. N., Khalikov, A. Kh. 1976. Pamiatniki balanovskoi kul’tury (Sites of the Balanovo Culture). Series: Svod Arkheologicheskikh Istochnikov (Corpus of Archaeological Sources) V1–25. Moscow: “Nauka” Publ. (in Russian).
Briusov, A. Ya. 1940. Istoriia drevnei Karelii (History of ancient Karelia). Series: Trudy Gosudarstvennogo istoricheskogo muzeya (Proceedings of the State Historical Museum) 9. Moscow: State Historical Museum (in Russian).
Zhul’nikov, A. M. 1999. Eneolit Karelii (pamyatniki s poristoy i asbestovoy keramikoy) (Eneolithic of Karelia (sites with porous and asbestos ceramics)). Petrozavodsk: Karelian Research Centre RAS Publ. (in Russian).
Zhul’nikov, A. M. 2002. In Chernykh, I. N. (ed.). Tverskoi arkheologicheskii sbornik (Tver Archaeological Collection of Papers) 5. Tver: Tver State United Museum, 439–441 (in Russian).
Krainov, D. A. 1964. Pamyatniki Fat'yanovskoy kul'tury. Yaroslavsko-Kalininskaya gruppa (Fatyanovo culture sites. Yaroslavl–Kalinin group). Series: Svod Arkheologicheskikh Istochnikov (Corpus of Archaeological Sources) V1–20. Moscow: “Nauka” Publ. (in Russian).
Solov’ev, B. S. 2000. Bronzovyi vek Mariiskogo Povolzh’ia (Bronze Age of Mari Volga Area). Series: Trudy Mariyskoy arkheologicheskoy ekspeditsii (Proceedings of the Mari Archaeological Expedition) VI. Yoshkar-Ola: Mari Research Institute of Language, Literature, and History (in Russian).
Solov’ev, B. S., Stavitsky, V. V. 2021. In Sitdikov, A. G., Chizhevsky, A.A. (eds.). 2021. Eneolit i bronzovyi vek (Eneolithic and Bronze Age). Series: Arkheologiia Volgo-Uralia (Archaeology of the Volga-Urals) Vol. 2. Kazan: Institute of Archaeology named after A. Kh. Khalikov, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, 420–441 (in Russian).
Studzitskaya, S. V. 1966. In Smirnov, A. P. (ed.). Arkheologicheskii sbornik (Archaeological Collection of Papers). Series: Trudy Gosudarstvennogo istoricheskogo muzeya (Proceedings of the State Historical Museum) 40. Moscow: State Historical Museum, 29–35 (in Russian).
Fedorov-Davydov, G. A. 1987. Statisticheskie metody v arkheologii (Statistical methods in archaeology). Moscow: “Vysshaya shkola” Publ. (in Russian).
Khalikov, A. Kh. 1960. Materialy k izucheniiu istorii naseleniia Srednego Povolzh’ia i Nizhnego Prikam’ia v epokhu neolita i bronzy (Materials for the Study of the History of Population of the Middle Volga and Lower Kama Regions in the Neolithic and Bronze Age). Series: Trudy Mariiskoi arkheologicheskoi ekspeditsii (Proceedings of Mari Archaeological Expedition) I. Yoshkar-Ola: “Mariiskoe knizhnoe izdatel’stvo” Publ. (in Russian).
Khalikov, A. Kh. 1964. In Passek, T. S. (ed.). Kratkie soobshcheniia Instituta arkheologii (Brief Communications of the Institute of Archaeology) 97. Moscow: “Nauka” Publ., 50–58 (in Russian).
Chernykh, E. M., Vanchikov, V. V., Shatalov, V. A. 2002. Argyzhskoe gorodishche na reke Viatke (Argyzh Hillfort on the Vyatka River). Moscow: Institute of Computer Research (in Russian).
Chizhevsky, A. A. 2008. Pogrebal'nye pamiatniki naseleniia Volgo-Kam'ia v finale bronzovogo – rannem zheleznom vekakh (predanan'inskaia i anan'inskaia kul'turno-istoricheskie oblasti) (Burial sites of the population of Volga-Kama in the Final Bronze – Early Iron Ages (pre- Ananyino and Ananyino cultural and historical areals)). Series: Arkheologiia evraziiskikh stepei (Archaeology of Eurasian Steppes) 5. Kazan: “Shkola” Publ. (in Russian).
Chizhevsky, A. A. 2022. In Povolzhskaya arkheologiya (Volga River Region Archaeology) 39 (1), 159–177 (in Russian).
Shakhnovich, M. M. 2002. In Chernykh, I. N. (ed.). Tverskoi arkheologicheskii sbornik (Tver Archaeological Collection of Articles) 5. Tver: Tver State United Museum, 430–438 (in Russian).
Carpelan, C. 1974. Hirven-ja karhunpaaesineita Skandinaviasta Uralille. Suomen Museo. Bd. 81 (in Finnish).
Meinander, C. F. 1954. In Soumen Muinaismuistoyhdistyksen Aikakauskirja, № 53. Helsinki, 86–90.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 A.V. Shipilov, E.I. Orudzhov
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
