История изучения пещерного города Тепе-Кермен (Юго-Западный Крым)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24852/2587-6112.2026.5.95.114Ключевые слова:
археология, Юго-Западный Крым, Тепе-Кермен, пещерные города, история изучения, историографияАннотация
Статья представляет собой комплексный историографический анализ, посвященный изучению
одного из наименее исследованных пещерных городов Крыма – Тепе-Кермена. На основе большого количества опубликованных трудов, архивных материалов и отчетов о полевых исследованиях реконструирована более чем двухсотлетняя история археологического и историко-архитектурного освоения памятника. Хронологические рамки исследования охватывают период от первых описаний путешественников и краеведов конца XVIII – первой половины XIX вв. до современных археологических и архитектурных изысканий. В историографическом обзоре последовательно анализируются труды дореволюционных исследователей, советских археологов и современных авторов, что позволяет проследить эволюцию научных представлений о хронологии, функциональном назначении и культурно-историческом значении Тепе-Кермена. Особое внимание уделено ключевым полевым исследованиям, с которых началось научное осмысление истории памятника.
Библиографические ссылки
Aibabin, A. I. 2022. In Vlasova, S. I. (ed.). Gorod na Vnutrenney gryade Krymskikh gor v Srednie veka i Novoe Vremya (A city on the Inner Ridge of the Crimean Mountains in the Middle Ages and the modern period). Simferopol: “Antikva” Publ., 7–85 (in Russian)
Alekseenko, N. A. 2020. In Zinko, V. N. (ed.). Bosporskie issledovaniia (Bosporan Studies) XL. Kerch: “Kerchenskaya gorodskaya tipografiya” Publ., 158–170 (in Russian).
Babenchikov, V. P. 1940. Vypiska iz dnevnika 1940 g. (Excerpt from a 1940 diary). Scientific Archive of Bakhchisarai State Historical and Cultural Reserve. F. 22. D. 27. P. 12–19 (in Russian).
Bezchinskii, A. Ya. 1901. Putevoditel' po Krymu (Guide to the Crimea). Moscow: “I.N. Kushkerev i Ko” Publ. (in Russian).
Belyi, O. B. 2003. In Materialy po arkheologii, istorii i etnografii Tavrii (Materials ín the Archaeology, History and Ethnography of Tauria) (10), 639–666 (in Russian).
Bogush-Sestrentsevich, S. [I.] 1806. Istoriia o Tavrii (History of Tauria). Vol. 1. Saint Petersburg: “Shnor” Publ. (in Russian).
Borovko, N. A. 1913. In Zapiski Krymskogo Obshchestva Estestvoispytatelei i Liubitelei Prirody (Transactions of the Crimean society of naturalists and nature lovers) III. Simferopol: “Tavrichesk. Gub. Zemstva” Publ., 107–176 (in Russian).
Bobrovskii, T. A. 2001. In Mogarichev, Yu. M. (ed.). Bakhchisarayskiy istoriko-arkheologicheskiy sbornik (Bakhchisaray Historical and Archaeological Collected Works) 2. Simferopol: “Antikva” Publ., 256–278 (in Russian).
Veimarn, E. V. 1948a. Dnevnik arkheologicheskikh rabot Bakhchisaraiskogo gornogo otriada Tavro-skifskoi ekspeditsii. 1948 g. (Notebook of archaeological works of the Bakhchisaray mountain team of the Tauro-Scythian expedition. 1948). Archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. F. 1. Inv. 1, dossier 192 (in Russian).
Veimarn, E. V. 1948b. Otchet o polevykh razvedyvatel'nykh rabotakh v 1948 g. (Report on field survey works in 1948). Archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. F. 1. Inv. 1, dossier 187 (in Russian).
Veimarn, E. V. 1949. Otchet ob arkheologicheskikh razvedkakh, provedennykh v Krymskoi oblasti. 1949 g. (Report on archaeological surveys works conducted in the Crimean Oblast. 1949). Archive of the Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. F. 1. Inv. 1, dossier 307 (in Russian).
Vinogradov, A. Yu. Inscriptions of the Northern Black Sea (IOSPE3). Vol. 5. Available at: URL: https://iospe.kcl.ac.uk/corpora/byzantine/index-ru.html (accessed: 01.02.2025) (in Russian).
Vinogradov, A. Yu. 2002. In Kukoval’skaia, N. M. (ed.). Sugdeya, Surozh, Soldaya v istorii Rusi-Ukrainy ((Sugdea, Surozh, Soldaia in the History of Rus-Ukraine). Kiev, Sudak: “Akademperiodika” Publ., 60–63 (in Russian).
Vinogradov, A. Yu., Gaidukov, N. E. 2004. In Kukoval’skaia, N. M. (ed.). Sugdeiskii sbornik (Sugdaia Collected Works). Kiev, Sudak: “Akademperiodika” Publ., 13–35 (in Russian).
Voloshinov, I. M., Lunkevich, V. V., Puzanov, I. I., Shteker, A. O. 1929. Krym. Putevoditel' (Crimea. Guide). Simferopol: “Krymskoe gosudarstvennoe izdatel'stvo” Publ. (in Russian).
Gablits, K. I. 1785. Fizicheskoe opisanie Tavricheskoi oblasti po ee mestopolozheniiu i vsem trem tsarstvam prirody (Physical description of the Taurida Region according to its location and all three kingdoms of nature). St. Petersburg: “I. Veitbrekht” Publ. (in Russian).
Gaidukov, N. E. 2003. In Kul'tovye pamiatniki v mirovoi kul'ture: arkheologicheskii, istoricheskii i filosofskii aspekty (Cult Monuments in World Culture: Archaeological, Historical and Philosophical Aspects). Sevastopol, 17–18 (in Russian).
Gidalevich, A. 1914. In Evreiskaia starina (Jewish Antiquity) 7 (2), 198–205 (in Russian).
Gus'kov, A. A. 2007. Atlas peshchernykh gorodov Kryma. Puteshestvie k stroiteliam i obitateliam peshcher (Atlas of the Cave Cities of Crimea. A Journey to the Builders and Inhabitants of the Caves). Kharkov: “Kursor” Publ. (in Russian).
Dombrovskii, O. I. (ed.). 1966. Dorogoi tysiacheletii: Ekskursii po srednevekovomu Krymu (By the Road of Millennia: Tours of Medieval Crimea). Simferopol: “Krym” Publ. (in Russian).
Dyubua de Monpere, F. 2009. Puteshestvie po Kavkazu, k cherkesam i abkhazam, v Gruziyu, Armeniyu i v Krym. V 6 tomakh. Parizh, 1843. (Voyage autour du Caucase, chez les Tscherkesses et les Abkhases, en Colchide, en Géorgie, en Arménie et en Crimée). In 6 vol. Paris, 1843) 5, 6. Simferopol: “Biznes-Inform” Publ. (in Russian).
Dneprovskii, N. V. 2017. In Gunko, A. A. et al (eds.). Speleologiya i spelestologiya. Sbornik materialov VIII Mezhdunarodnoy nauchnoy konferentsii (Speleology and spelestology: Proceedings of the VIII International Scientific Conference). Naberezhnye Chelny: NSPU, 261–271 (in Russian).
Dneprovskii, N. V. 2016. In Gunko, A. A. (ed.). Peshchery kak ob"ekty istorii i kul'tury (Caves as objects of history and culture). Voronezh; Divnogorie: "Nauchnaia kniga" Publ., 103–109 (in Russian).
Ivanov, A. V. 2010. In Problemy istorii, filologii, kul’tury (Journal of Historical, Philological and Cultural Studies) (2), 61–75 (in Russian).
Kizilov, M. [B.] 2003. In Rempel, E., Chlenov, M. (eds.). Tirosh. Trudy po iudaike (Tirosh. Judaic Studies) 6. Moscow: “Sefer” Publ., 123–140 (in Russian).
Kondaraki, V. Kh. 1875. Universal'noe opisanie Kryma (Universal Description of the Crimea). Part 1. St. Petersburg: “V. Velling” Publ. (in Russian).
Korshenko, A. N. 2022. In Alekseenko, N. A. (ed.). IX Mezhdunarodnyy numizmaticheskiy simpozium (9th International Numismatic Symposium). Simferopol: “ARIAL” Publ., 129–132 (in Russian).
Latyshev, V. V. 1896. Sbornik grecheskikh nadpisei khristianskikh vremen iz Iuzhnoi Rossii (Collection of Greek inscriptions of Christian times from Southern Russia). Saint. Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences (in Russian).
Markov, E. L. 1884. Ocherki Kryma (Essays on the Crimea). Saint Petersburg; Moscow: “M.O. Volf” Publ. (in Russian).
Markov, E. L. 1872. In Vestnik Evropy (The herald of Europe) 4 (7), 169–213 (in Russian).
Mogarichev, Yu. M. 1992. In Mogarichev, Yu. M. (ed.). Problemy Istorii "peshchernykh gorodov" v Krymu (Issues of the History of "Cave Towns " in the Crimea). Simferopol: “Tavriia” Publ., 5–132 (in Russian).
Mogarichev, Yu. M. 1997. Peshchernye tserkvi Tavriki (Cave Towns of Taurica). Simferopol: “Tavriya” Publ. (in Russian).
Mogarichev, Yu. M. 2005. In Arkheologiia (Archaeology) (3), 79–90 (in Russian).
Mogarichev, Yu. M. 2018. In Malakhov, S. N., Mamiev, M. E., Prokopenko, Yu. A. (eds.). LEPTON: sbornik statey v chest' arkheologa Alekseya Vasil'evicha P'yankova (ЛЕПТОN: Collected papers in honour of archaeologist Aleksei Vasilievich Pyankov). Armavir; Krasnodar: “IP Shurygin Vitalii Evgen'evich” Publ., 110–118 (in Russian).
Mogarichev, Yu. M. 2019. «Peshchernye goroda» Gornoi Iugo-Zapadnoi Tavriki v opisanii A.S. Uvarova (“Cave Towns” of Mountainous Southwestern Taurica in the description by A.S. Uvarov). Simferopol: “Biznes-Inform” Publ. (in Russian).
Montandon, Ch. 2011. Putevoditel' puteshestvennika po Krymu, ukrashennyy kartami, planami, vidami i vin'etami i predvarennyy vvedeniem o raznykh sposobakh pereezda iz Odessy v Krym (Traveler's Guide to the Crimea, adorned with maps, plans, views, and vignettes and preceded by an introduction on the various means of transit from Odessa to the Crimea). Kiev: “Stylos” Publ. (in Russian).
Myts, V. L. 2016 In Stratum Plus (6), 69-106 (in Russian).
Myts, V. L. 1991. Ukrepleniia Tavriki X–XV vv. (Fortifications of Taurica in the 10th–15th Centuries). Kiev: “Naukova dumka” Publ. (in Russian).
Nakronin, A. 1880. In Tavricheskie Eparkhial'nye vedomosti (Taurida Diocesan Gazette) 1, 36–44 (in Russian).
Nikolskii, P. V. 1927. Bakhchisarai i ego okrestnosti (kul'turno-istoricheskie ekskursii) (Bakhchisaray and its surroundings (cultural-historical excursions)). Simferopol: “Krymgosizdat” Publ. (in Russian).
Petrova, E. B., Prokhorova, T. A. 2011. Sharl' Zhil'ber Romm «Puteshestvie v Krym v 1786 g.» (Charles Gilbert Romm "Journey to the Crimea in 1786"). Simferopol: “Biznes-Inform” Publ. (in Russian)
Petrovskii, V. A. 2000. Otchet o raskopkakh rannesrednevekovogo gruntovogo mogil'nika na severo-zapadnom sklone gorodishcha Tepe-Kermen v Bakhchisaraiskom raione bliz s. Kudrino (Report on the excavations of the early medieval burial ground without mounds on the northwestern slope of the Tepe-Kermen settlement in the Bakhchisaray district near the village of Kudrino). Scientific Archive of Bakhchisarai State Historical and Cultural Reserve. F. 2. Inv. 25. D. 3 (in Russian).
Petrovskii, V. A. 2002. In Yurochkin, V. Yu. (ed.) Pravoslavnye drevnosti Tavriki (Sbornik materialov po tserkovnoi arkheologii) (Orthodox Antiquities of Taurica (Collected Papers on Church Archaeology)). Kiev: “Stilos” Publ., 81–98 (in Russian).
Ponomarev, L. Yu. 2012. In Zinko, V. N. (ed.). Bosporskie issledovaniia (Bosporan Studies) XXVI. Simferopol, 479–511 (in Russian).
Popov. A. N. 1888. Vtoraia uchebnaia ekskursiia Simferopol'skoi muzhskoi gimnazii v Bakhchisarai i ego okrestnosti (The Second Study Tour of the Simferopol Male Gymnasium in Bakhchisaray and its Surroundings). Simferopol: “Tavriya provincial printing” (in Russian).
Ruev, V. L., Nesnov, S. V. 2022. In Sarapulkin, V. A. (ed.). Arkheologiia v issledovaniiakh molodykh (Archaeology in the Studies by the Young). Belgorod: Belgorod State University, 175–177 (in Russian).
Sosnogorova, M. A. 1871. Putevoditel' po Krymu dlia puteshestvennikov (Traveler’s guide to the Crimea). Odessa: “L. Nitche” Publ. (in Russian).
Strukov, D. M. 1876. Drevnie pamiatniki khristianstva v Tavride (Ancient monuments of Christianity in Tauris). Moscow: “Katkov” Publ. (in Russian).
Sumarokov, P. I. 1805. Dosugi krymskogo sud'i, ili Vtoroe puteshestvie v Tavridu (Leisure of a Crimean judge, or a second journey to Taurida). St. Petersburg: Imperial Typography (in Russian).
Talis, D. L. 1960. Iashchik 3. Vostochnyi i tsentral'nyi Krym 1960 g. (Box 3. Eastern and Central Crimea in 1960). Department of Written Sources of the State Historical Museum. F. NVA. Op. 5. T. 2: Gruppa B. Arkhiv No. 776: Dokumental'nyi kompleks «Polevye issledovaniia Talisa D.L. (1960–1978 gg.)» (in Russian).
Talis, D. L. 1970. In Rybakov, B. A. (ed.). Arkheologicheskie otkrytiia 1969 goda (Archaeological Discoveries in 1969). Moscow: “Nauka” Publ., 293–294 (in Russian).
Talis, D. L. 1971. In Rybakov, B. A. (ed.). Arkheologicheskie otkrytiia 1970 goda (Archaeological Discoveries in 1970). Moscow: “Nauka” Publ., 301–302 (in Russian).
Talis, D. L. 1971. In Oreshnikova, S. M. et al. (eds.). Istoriia i kul'tura Vostochnoi Evropy po arkheologicheskim dannym (History and culture of Eastern Europe according to archaeological data). Moscow: “Sovetskaia Rossiia” Publ., 250–262 (in Russian).
Talis, D. L. 1977. In Kruglikova, I. T. (ed.). Kratkie soobshcheniia Instituta arkheologii (Brief Communications of the Institute of Archaeology) 148. Moscow: “Nauka” Publ., “Nauka” Publ., (in Russian).
Talis, D. L., Markelova, S. P., Rudakov, V. E. 1973. In Rybakov, B. A. (ed.). Arkheologicheskie otkrytiia 1972 goda (Archaeological Discoveries in 1972). Moscow: “Nauka” Publ., 335–337 (in Russian).
Tunmann, [I.E.] 1936. Krymskoe khanstvo (he Crimean Khanate). Simferopol: “Gos. izd-vo Krym. ASSR” Publ. (in Russian).
Yurochkin, V. Yu., Vinogradov, A. Yu., Gaidukov, N. E., Nenevolia, I. I. 2004. Otchet ob okhranno-arkheologicheskikh rabotakh na gorodishchakh Bakla i Tepe-Kermen v Bakhchisaraiskom raione ARK v 2003 g. (Report on salvage archaeological works at the Bakla and Tepe-Kermen settlements in the Bakhchysarai district of the ARC in 2003). Personal Archive of V. Yu. Yurochkin (in Russian).
Yurochkin, V. Yu., Nenevolia, I. I., Vinogradov, A. Yu., Gaidukov, N. E. 2007. Otchet ob arkheologicheskikh issledovaniiakh gorodishch Tepe-Kermen i Bakla na territorii Bakhchisaraiskogo raiona ARK v 2004 godu. (Report on archaeological research at the Tepe-Kermen and Bakla settlements in the Bakhchisaray district of the ARC in 2004). Personal Archive of V. Yu. Yurochkin (in Russian).
Yakobson, A.L. 1964. Srednevekovyj Krym. Ocherki istorii i istorii material'noj kul'tury (The Medieval Crimea. Essays on the History and History of material culture.). Moscow; Leningrad: "Nauka" Publ. (in Russian).
Yakobson, A. L. 1970. Rannesrednevekovye sel'skie poseleniia Yugo-Zapadnoi Tavriki (Early Medieval Rural Settlements of Southwest Taurica). Series: Materialy i issledovaniia po arkheologii (Materials and Studies in the Archaeology of the USSR) 168. Leningrad: “Nauka” Publ. (in Russian).
Montandon, C. H. 1834. Guide du voyageur en Crimée: orné de cartes, de plans, de vues et de vignettes, et précédé d'une introduction sur les différentes manières de se rendre d'Odessa en Crimée. Odessa: imprimerie de la ville (in French).
Tott, François, baron de. 1785. Mémoires Du Baron De Tott, Sur Les Turcs Et Les Tartares. Vol. 1. Paris (in French).
Загрузки
Опубликован
Как цитировать
Выпуск
Раздел
Лицензия
Copyright (c) 2026 М.Л. Цымбал

Это произведение доступно по лицензии Creative Commons «Attribution-NonCommercial» («Атрибуция — Некоммерческое использование») 4.0 Всемирная.





